Introduction Published in 1793, "An Evening Walk" is one of William Wordsworth's earliest major works, primarily composed between 1787 and 1789. It is officially addressed to his sister, Dorothy, and is regarded by critics as a poem of deep biographical significance. The poem represents Wordsworth’s early attempt to supply the deficiency he felt existed in poetry regarding the variety of "natural appearances".
Source The poem is classified as part of Wordsworth's "Juvenilia" or "Poems Written in Youth". It was written while he was a student at Hawkshead Grammar School and during his vacations from St. John's College, Cambridge. The "source" of the poem's imagery is the Lake District, where Wordsworth spent his youth; he later noted that there was "not an image in it" which he had not personally observed in locations like the Pass of Dunmail Raise or the path between Hawkshead and Ambleside.
Theme
- Separation and Regret: Unlike the "mutual vocation" found in his later work, this poem presents a vision of remoteness and separateness between the poet and his sister.
- Landscape Aesthetics: Wordsworth employs late eighteenth-century aesthetics, such as the picturesque, to describe nature as if it were a series of landscape paintings.
- Human Suffering and Social Protest: Through the figure of the female vagrant (an abandoned widow), Wordsworth addresses social injustice, the "vices of the penal law," and the "calamities of war". This human misery is contrasted against the carefree, domestic bliss of the local swans.
- Memory and Hope: The poem features personified companions like Hope, Memory, and Quiet, which the poet uses to navigate his present separation while wishing for future "golden days" in a shared cottage with Dorothy.
Structure The poem is a topographical work structured around the progression of time during a single walk. Its structure follows this general sketch:
- Noon to Afternoon: A general sketch of the Lakes, including descriptions of the Cascade and the "wan noon".
- Sunset: Reflections on the changing forms and hues of the landscape as the sun declines, turning brooks into "liquid gold".
- Superstition and Apparition: Descriptions of local legends and "visionary warriors" seen in the shifting lights of the hills.
- Domestic vs. Destitute: The central contrast between the carefree swans with their "brown little-ones" and the female beggar struggling to shield her two babies from a "headstrong gale".
- Night and Hope: The transition into night, marked by twilight sounds (herons, ducks) and moonlight, concluding with a meditative focus on Hope and a wish for future tranquility.
विलियम वर्डस्वर्थ (William Wordsworth) द्वारा रचित कविता "An Evening Walk" उनके प्रारंभिक काव्य जीवन की एक महत्वपूर्ण रचना है। यह कविता 1787 और 1789 के बीच compose की गई थी और 1793 में publish हुई थी। यह कविता मुख्य रूप से उनकी बहन Dorothy Wordsworth को address की गई है और वर्डस्वर्थ के लेखन में इसका गहरा biographical significance (जीवनी संबंधी महत्व) है।
यहाँ इस कविता का एक विस्तृत सारांश प्रस्तुत है:
प्रस्तावना (Introduction) और संदर्भ (Background)
वर्डस्वर्थ ने इस कविता को तब लिखा था जब वे Hawkshead Grammar School के छात्र थे और उसके बाद St. John's College, Cambridge में अपनी छुट्टियों के दौरान उन्होंने इसे पूरा किया। वर्डस्वर्थ के अनुसार, इस कविता का मुख्य उद्देश्य कविता (poetry) में "प्राकृतिक दृश्यों" (natural appearances) की उस कमी को पूरा करना था, जिसे उन्होंने उस समय के साहित्य में महसूस किया था। इस कविता की हर image वर्डस्वर्थ द्वारा Lake District में स्वयं देखी गई वास्तविकताओं पर आधारित है।
कविता की संरचना (Structure of the Poem)
यह एक topographical poem है, जो समय के बीतने के साथ एक यात्रा (walk) के रूप में आगे बढ़ती है। इसकी संरचना दोपहर से शुरू होकर रात के सन्नाटे और भविष्य की आशा पर समाप्त होती है:
- Lakes का सामान्य चित्रण (General Sketch of the Lakes)
- दोपहर का वर्णन (Short description of Noon)
- झरना और गुप्त आश्रय (Cascade and Retreat)
- सूर्यास्त और बदलता परिदृश्य (Sunset and changing landscape)
- स्थानीय अंधविश्वास (Superstitions and Apparitions)
- हंस और भिखारी महिला (Swans and the Female Beggar)
- रात के दृश्य और भविष्य की आशा (Night, Moonlight, and Hope)
विस्तृत सारांश (Detailed Summary)
1. अलगाव और प्रकृति का चित्रण (Separation and Nature's Sketch): कविता की शुरुआत वर्डस्वर्थ के अपनी बहन से remoteness (दूरी) के अहसास से होती है। वे स्वयं को एक एकाकी यात्री के रूप में देखते हैं जो Derwent, Grasmere, और Winander (Windermere) जैसी झीलों के पास घूम रहे हैं। वे अपने बचपन के उन दिनों को याद करते हैं जब वे इन पहाड़ियों में स्वतंत्र रूप से घूमते थे और उन्हें दर्द का कोई अहसास नहीं था।
2. दोपहर और प्रकृति के सूक्ष्म विवरण (Noon and Natural Details): कवि दोपहर के समय का वर्णन "wan noon" (धुंधली दोपहर) और "glaring hill" के रूप में करते हैं। वे झील के किनारे पशुओं (cattle) को अपनी पूंछ से मक्खियां उड़ाते हुए और स्कूल के लड़कों को घास पर लेटे हुए देखते हैं। इसके बाद वे एक "hollow ghyll" (गहरी घाटी) में जाते हैं जहाँ एक छोटा cascade (झरना) है。 यहाँ की शांति और हरियाली कवि को एक "obscure retreat" (अंधेरा आश्रय) प्रदान करती है।
3. सूर्यास्त और अलौकिक साये (Sunset and Apparitions): जैसे-जैसे सूरज पश्चिम की ओर बढ़ता है, पूरा landscape अपने रंग और रूप बदलने लगता है। वर्डस्वर्थ इस परिवर्तन को बहुत ही picturesque ढंग से चित्रित करते हैं। पहाड़ियों पर पड़ने वाली रोशनी और परछाइयां "strange apparitions" (अजीब साये) का भ्रम पैदा करती हैं। लोक-कथाओं के अनुसार, इन पहाड़ियों पर काल्पनिक योद्धाओं और घुड़सवारों के साये (visionary warriors) दिखाई देते हैं, जो सूर्यास्त की लालिमा में विलीन हो जाते हैं।
4. हंसों की खुशी बनाम मानवीय पीड़ा (Swans vs. Human Suffering): कविता का सबसे महत्वपूर्ण हिस्सा वह है जहाँ कवि एक domestic scene (घरेलू दृश्य) और मानवीय त्रासदी के बीच contrast (तुलना) करते हैं। एक तरफ, वे Swans (हंसों) को देखते हैं जो अपनी "घरेलू खुशियों" में मग्न हैं। हंसनी (female swan) अपने भूरे बच्चों को अपनी पीठ पर बिठाकर सुरक्षित रूप से झील में तैरती है।
इसके ठीक विपरीत, वर्डस्वर्थ एक Female Beggar (एक असहाय विधवा) का चित्रण करते हैं, जो युद्ध और गरीबी की मार झेल रही है। वह बेघर है और अपने दो छोटे बच्चों को भीषण तूफ़ान और ठंडी हवाओं से बचाने की कोशिश कर रही है। हंसों के विपरीत, यह महिला समाज द्वारा त्याग दी गई है। उसके बच्चों के पास न कोई छत है, न आग। अंततः, वह मां अपने बच्चों को अपनी बाहों में लेकर मौत की ओर बढ़ती है। आलोचकों के अनुसार, यह दृश्य वर्डस्वर्थ के social protest (सामाजिक विरोध) और "युद्ध की आपदाओं" (calamities of war) के प्रति उनकी संवेदनशीलता को दर्शाता है।
5. रात का आगमन और भविष्य की आशा (Night and Hope): जैसे ही रात गहराती है, दृश्य Twilight (गोधूलि वेला) की ओर बढ़ता है। वर्डस्वर्थ रात के सन्नाटे में सुनाई देने वाली आवाज़ों का वर्णन करते हैं, जैसे बगुले (herons) और बत्तखों की आवाज़ें। चंद्रमा का उदय पूरे मैदान को चांदी जैसी चमक से भर देता है।
कविता के समापन में वर्डस्वर्थ Hope (आशा) को एक personified figure के रूप में लाते हैं。 वे कल्पना करते हैं कि भविष्य में वे अपनी बहन Dorothy के साथ एक शांत cottage (कुटिया) में रहेंगे। वे ऐसी खुशहाल ज़िंदगी की कामना करते हैं जहाँ उनके दुखों की मात्रा बहुत कम (hardly-paining sighs) होगी।
कविता का महत्व और आलोचनात्मक विश्लेषण (Significance and Criticism)
- Juvenilia: यह वर्डस्वर्थ की "युवावस्था की कविता" (Juvenile Piece) मानी जाती है।
- Personification: इस प्रारंभिक रचना में वर्डस्वर्थ Hope, Memory, and Quiet जैसे अमूर्त भावों को मानवीय रूप देते हैं, जिसे उन्होंने अपनी बाद की कविताओं (जैसे Lyrical Ballads) में छोड़ दिया था।
- Relationship and Regret: कविता वर्डस्वर्थ और उनकी बहन के बीच के अलगाव और उस समय को फिर से जीने की इच्छा को व्यक्त करती है जिसे उन्होंने साथ नहीं बिताया था। रिचर्ड मैटलैक (Richard Matlak) जैसे आलोचक इसे वर्डस्वर्थ द्वारा अपनी बहन के साथ बिताए गए पलों की कमी की भरपाई के रूप में देखते हैं।
- Social Justice: यह केवल प्रकृति का वर्णन नहीं है, बल्कि समाज के हाशिये पर खड़े लोगों (जैसे बेघर महिला) के प्रति सहानुभूति व्यक्त करने का वर्डस्वर्थ का शुरुआती प्रयास भी है।
निष्कर्ष (Conclusion)
"An Evening Walk" वर्डस्वर्थ की प्रकृति के प्रति गहरी दृष्टि और मानवीय संवेदनाओं का एक सुंदर मिश्रण है। यह कविता दिखाती है कि कैसे वर्डस्वर्थ ने अपनी प्रारंभिक रचनाओं में ही प्रकृति को एक शिक्षक और समाज के दर्पण के रूप में देखना शुरू कर दिया था। 1000 शब्दों के विस्तार में, यह कविता Lake District की सुंदरता से लेकर मानवीय गरीबी के कठोर सच और अंततः आशा की ओर एक यात्रा तय करती है।
यहाँ विलियम वर्डस्वर्थ (William Wordsworth) की कविता "An Evening Walk" का पूरा पाठ (Full Text) और उसमें आने वाले कठिन शब्दों के हिंदी अर्थ दिए गए हैं।
An Evening Walk
(Full Text)
FAR from my dearest Friend,
'tis mine to rove Through bare grey dell, high wood,
and pastoral cove; Where Derwent rests,
and listens to the roar That stuns the tremulous cliffs of high Lodore;
Where peace to Grasmere's lonely island leads,
To willowy hedge-rows, and to emerald meads;
Leads to her bridge, rude church, and cottaged grounds,
Her rocky sheepwalks, and her woodland bounds;
Where, undisturbed by winds,
Winander sleeps 'Mid clustering isles, and holly-sprinkled steeps;
Where twilight glens endear my Esthwaite's shore,
And memory of departed pleasures, more.
Fair scenes, erewhile,
I taught, a happy child, The echoes of your rocks my carols wild:
The spirit sought not then, in cherished sadness,
A cloudy substitute for failing gladness,
In youth's keen eye the livelong day was bright,
The sun at morning, and the stars at night,
Alike, when first the bittern's hollow bill Was heard,
or woodcocks roamed the moonlight hill.
In thoughtless gaiety I coursed the plain,
And hope itself was all I knew of pain;
At times, while young Content forsook her seat,
And wild Impatience, pointing upward, showed,
Through passes yet unreached, a brighter road.
Alas! the idle tale of man is found Depicted in the dial's moral round;
Hope with reflection blends her social rays To gild the total tablet of his days;
Yet still, the sport of some malignant power,
He knows but from its shade the present hour.
But why, ungrateful, dwell on idle pain?
To show what pleasures yet to me remain,
Say, will my Friend, with unreluctant ear,
The history of a poet's evening hear?
When, in the south, the wan noon, brooding still,
Breathed a pale steam around the glaring hill,
And shades of deep-embattled clouds were seen,
Spotting the northern cliffs with lights between;
When crowding cattle, checked by rails that make A fence far stretched into the shallow lake,
Lashed the cool water with their restless tails,
Or from high points of rock looked out for fanning gales:
When school-boys stretched their length upon the green;
And round the broad-spread oak, a glimmering scene,
In the rough fern-clad park, the herded deer Shook the still-twinkling tail and glancing ear;
When horses in the sunburnt intake stood,
And vainly eyed below the tempting flood,
Or tracked the passenger, in mute distress,
With forward neck the closing gate to press--
Then, while I wandered where the huddling rill
Brightens with water-breaks the hollow ghyll As by enchantment, an obscure retreat
Opened at once, and stayed my devious feet.
While thick above the rill the branches close, In rocky basin its wild waves repose, Inverted shrubs, and moss of gloomy green, Cling from the rocks, with pale wood-weeds between; And its own twilight softens the whole scene, Save where aloft the subtle sunbeams shine On withered briars that o'er the crags recline; Save where, with sparkling foam, a small cascade Illumines, from within, the leafy shade; Beyond, along the vista of the brook, Where antique roots its bustling course o'erlook, The eye reposes on a secret bridge Half grey, half shagged with ivy to its ridge; There, bending o'er the stream, the listless swain Lingers behind his disappearing wain. -- Did Sabine grace adorn my living line, Blandusia's praise, wild stream, should yield to thine!
Never shall ruthless minister of death 'Mid thy soft glooms the glittering steel unsheath; No goblets shall, for thee, be crowned with flowers, No kid with piteous outcry thrill thy bowers; The mystic shapes that by thy margin rove A more benignant sacrifice approve-- A mind, that, in a calm angelic mood Of happy wisdom, meditating good, Beholds, of all from her high powers required, Much done, and much designed, and more desired,-- Harmonious thoughts, a soul by truth refined, Entire affection for all human kind.
Dear Brook, farewell! To-morrow's noon again Shall hide me, wooing long thy wildwood strain; But now the sun has gained his western road, And eve's mild hour invites my steps abroad. While, near the midway cliff, the silvered kite In many a whistling circle wheels her flight; Slant watery lights, from parting clouds, apace Travel along the precipice's base; Cheering its naked waste of scattered stone, By lichens grey, and scanty moss, o'ergrown; Where scarce the foxglove peeps, or thistle's beard; And restless stone-chat, all day long, is heard.
How pleasant, as the sun declines, to view The spacious landscape change in form and hue! Here, vanish, as in mist, before a flood Of bright obscurity, hill, lawn, and wood; There, objects, by the searching beams betrayed, Come forth, and here retire in purple shade; Even the white stems of birch, the cottage white, Soften their glare before the mellow light; The skiffs, at anchor where with umbrage wide Yon chestnuts half the latticed boat-house hide, Shed from their sides, that face the sun's slant beam, Strong flakes of radiance on the tremulous stream: Raised by yon travelling flock, a dusty cloud Mounts from the road, and spreads its moving shroud; The shepherd, all involved in wreaths of fire, Now shows a shadowy speck, and now is lost entire.
Into a gradual calm the breezes sink, A blue rim borders all the lake's still brink; There doth the twinkling aspen's foliage sleep, And insects clothe, like dust, the glassy deep: And now, on every side, the surface breaks Into blue spots, and slowly lengthening streaks; Here, plots of sparkling water tremble bright With thousand thousand twinkling points of light; There, waves that, hardly weltering, die away, Tip their smooth ridges with a softer ray; And now the whole wide lake in deep repose Is hushed, and like a burnished mirror glows, Save where, along the shady western marge, Coasts, with industrious oar, the charcoal barge.
Their panniered train a group of potters goad, Winding from side to side up the steep road; The peasant, from yon cliff of fearful edge Shot, down the headlong path darts with his sledge; Bright beams the lonely mountain-horse illume Feeding 'mid purple heath, "green rings," and broom; While the sharp slope the slackened team confounds, Downward the ponderous timber-wain resounds; In foamy breaks the rill, with merry song, Dashed o'er the rough rock, lightly leaps along; From lonesome chapel at the mountain's feet, Three humble bells their rustic chime repeat; Sounds from the water-side the hammered boat; And 'blasted' quarry thunders, heard remote!
Even here, amid the sweep of endless woods, Blue pomp of lakes, high cliffs, and falling floods, Not undelightful are the simplest charms, Found by the grassy door of mountain-farms. Sweetly ferocious, round his native walks, Pride of his sister-wives, the monarch stalks; Spur-clad his nervous feet, and firm his tread; A crest of purple tops the warrior's head. Bright sparks his black and rolling eye-ball hurls Afar, his tail he closes and unfurls; On tiptoe reared, he strains his clarion throat, Threatened by faintly-answering farms remote: Again with his shrill voice the mountain rings, While, flapped with conscious pride, resound his wings.
Where, mixed with graceful birch, the sombrous pine And yew-tree o'er the silver rocks recline; I love to mark the quarry's moving trains, Dwarf panniered steeds, and men, and numerous wains; How busy all the enormous hive within, While Echo dallies with its various din! Some (hear yon not their chisels' clinking sound?) Toil, small as pigmies in the gulf profound; Some, dim between the lofty cliffs descried, O'erwalk the slender plank from side to side; These, by the pale-blue rocks that ceaseless ring, In airy baskets hanging, work and sing.
Just where a cloud above the mountain rears An edge all flame, the broadening sun appears; A long blue bar its aegis orb divides, And breaks the spreading of its golden tides; And now that orb has touched the purple steep Whose softened image penetrates the deep. 'Cross the calm lake's blue shades the cliffs aspire, With towers and woods, a "prospect all on fire;" While coves and secret hollows, through a ray Of fainter gold, a purple gleam betray. Each slip of lawn the broken rocks between Shines in the light with more than earthly green: Deep yellow beams the scattered stems illume, Far in the level forest's central gloom: Waving his hat, the shepherd, from the vale, Directs his winding dog the cliffs to scale,-- The dog, loud barking, 'mid the glittering rocks, Hunts, where his master points, the intercepted flocks. Where oaks o'erhang the road the radiance shoots On tawny earth, wild weeds, and twisted roots; The druid-stones a brightened ring unfold; And all the babbling brooks are liquid gold; Sunk to a curve, the day-star lessens still, Gives one bright glance, and drops behind the hill.
In these secluded vales, if village fame, Confirmed by hoary hairs, belief may claim; When up the hills, as now, retired the light, Strange apparitions mocked the shepherd's sight. The form appears of one that spurs his steed Midway along the hill with desperate speed; Unhurt pursues his lengthened flight, while all Attend, at every stretch, his headlong fall. Anon, appears a brave, a gorgeous show Of horsemen-shadows moving to and fro; At intervals imperial banners stream, And now the van reflects the solar beam; The rear through iron brown betrays a sullen gleam. While silent stands the admiring crowd below, Silent the visionary warriors go, Winding in ordered pomp their upward way Till the last banner of the long array Has disappeared, and every trace is fled Of splendour--save the beacon's spiry head Tipt with eve's latest gleam of burning red.
Now, while the solemn evening shadows sail, On slowly-waving pinions, down the vale; And, fronting the bright west, yon oak entwines Its darkening boughs and leaves, in stronger lines; 'Tis pleasant near the tranquil lake to stray Where, winding on along some secret bay, The swan uplifts his chest, and backward flings His neck, a varying arch, between his towering wings: The eye that marks the gliding creature sees How graceful, pride can be, and how majestic, ease, While tender cares and mild domestic loves With furtive watch pursue her as she moves, The female with a meeker charm succeeds, And her brown little-ones around her leads, Nibbling the water lilies as they pass, Or playing wanton with the floating grass. She, in a mother's care, her beauty's pride Forgetting, calls the wearied to her side; Alternately they mount her back, and rest Close by her mantling wings' embraces prest.
Long may they float upon this flood serene; Where leafy shades fence off the blustering gale, And breathes in peace the lily of the vale! Yon isle, which feels not even the milkmaid's feet, Yet hears her song, "by distance made more sweet," Yon isle conceals their home, their hut-like bower; Green water-rushes overspread the floor; Long grass and willows form the woven wall, And swings above the roof the poplar tall. Thence issuing often with unwieldy stalk, They crush with broad black feet their flowery walk; Or, from the neighbouring water, hear at morn The hound, the horse's tread, and mellow horn; Involve their serpent-necks in changeful rings, Rolled wantonly between their slippery wings, Or, starting up with noise and rude delight, Force half upon the wave their cumbrous flight.
Fair Swan! by all a mother's joys caressed, Haply some wretch has eyed, and called thee blessed; When with her infants, from some shady seat By the lake's edge, she rose--to face the noontide heat; Or taught their limbs along the dusty road A few short steps to totter with their load. I see her now, denied to lay her head, On cold blue nights, in hut or straw-built shed, Turn to a silent smile their sleepy cry, By pointing to the gliding moon on high. --When low-hung clouds each star of summer hide, And fireless are the valleys far and wide, Where the brook brawls along the public road Dark with bat-haunted ashes stretching broad, Oft has she taught them on her lap to lay The shining glow-worm; or, in heedless play, Toss it from hand to hand, disquieted; While others, not unseen, are free to shed Green unmolested light upon their mossy bed.
Oh! when the sleety showers her path assail, And like a torrent roars the headstrong gale; No more her breath can thaw their fingers cold, Their frozen arms her neck no more can fold; Weak roof a cowering form two babes to shield, And faint the fire a dying heart can yield! Press the sad kiss, fond mother! vainly fears Thy flooded cheek to wet them with its tears; No tears can chill them, and no bosom warms, Thy breast their death-bed, coffined in thine arms!
Sweet are the sounds that mingle from afar, Heard by calm lakes, as peeps the folding star, Where the duck dabbles 'mid the rustling sedge, And feeding pike starts from the water's edge, Or the swan stirs the reeds, his neck and bill Wetting, that drip upon the water still; And heron, as resounds the trodden shore, Shoots upward, darting his long neck before.
Now, with religious awe, the farewell light Blends with the solemn colouring of night; 'Mid groves of clouds that crest the mountain's brow, And round the west's proud lodge their shadows throw, Like Una shining on her gloomy way, The half-seen form of Twilight roams astray; Shedding, through paly loop-holes mild and small, Gleams that upon the lake's still bosom fall; Soft o'er the surface creep those lustres pale Tracking the motions of the fitful gale.
With restless interchange at once the bright Wins on the shade, the shade upon the light. No favoured eye was e'er allowed to gaze On lovelier spectacle in faery days; When gentle Spirits urged a sportive chase, Brushing with lucid wands the water's face: While music, stealing round the glimmering deeps, Charmed the tall circle of the enchanted steeps.
--The lights are vanished from the watery plains: No wreck of all the pageantry remains. Unheeded night has overcome the vales: On the dark earth the wearied vision fails; The latest lingerer of the forest train, The lone black fir, forsakes the faded plain; Last evening sight, the cottage smoke, no more, Lost in the thickened darkness, glimmers hoar; And, towering from the sullen dark-brown mere, Like a black wall, the mountain-steeps appear. --Now o'er the soothed accordant heart we feel A sympathetic twilight slowly steal, And ever, as we fondly muse, we find The soft gloom deepening on the tranquil mind. Stay! pensive, sadly-pleasing visions, stay! Ah no! as fades the vale, they fade away: Yet still the tender, vacant gloom remains; Still the cold cheek its shuddering tear retains.
The bird, who ceased, with fading light, to thread Silent the hedge or steamy rivulet's bed, From his grey re-appearing tower shall soon Salute with gladsome note the rising moon, While with a hoary light she frosts the ground, And pours a deeper blue to Aether's bound; Pleased, as she moves, her pomp of clouds to fold In robes of azure, fleecy-white, and gold.
Above yon eastern hill, where darkness broods O'er all its vanished dells, and lawns, and woods; Where but a mass of shade the sight can trace, Even now she shews, half-veiled, her lovely face: Across the gloomy valley flings her light, Far to the western slopes with hamlets white; And gives, where woods the chequered upland strew, To the green corn of summer, autumn's hue.
Thus Hope, first pouring from her blessed horn Her dawn, far lovelier than the moon's own morn, Till higher mounted, strives in vain to cheer The weary hills, impervious, blackening near; Yet does she still, undaunted, throw the while On darling spots remote her tempting smile. Even now she decks for me a distant scene, (For dark and broad the gulf of time between) Gilding that cottage with her fondest ray, (Sole bourn, sole wish, sole object of my way; How fair its lawns and sheltering woods appear! How sweet its streamlet murmurs in mine ear!) Where we, my Friend, to happy days shall rise, Till our small share of hardly-paining sighs (For sighs will ever trouble human breath) Creep hushed into the tranquil breast of death.
But now the clear bright Moon her zenith gains, And, rimy without speck, extend the plains: The deepest cleft the mountain's front displays Scarce hides a shadow from her searching rays; From the dark-blue faint silvery threads divide The hills, while gleams below the azure tide; Time softly treads; throughout the landscape breathes A peace enlivened, not disturbed, by wreaths Of charcoal-smoke, that o'er the fallen wood, Steal down the hill, and spread along the flood.
The song of mountain-streams, unheard by day, Now hardly heard, beguiles my homeward way. Air listens, like the sleeping water, still, To catch the spiritual music of the hill, Broke only by the slow clock tolling deep, Or shout that wakes the ferry-man from sleep, The echoed hoof nearing the distant shore, The boat's first motion--made with dashing oar; Sound of closed gate, across the water borne, Hurrying the timid hare through rustling corn; The sportive outcry of the mocking owl; And at long intervals the mill-dog's howl; The distant forge's swinging thump profound; Or yell, in the deep woods, of lonely hound.
कठिन शब्दों के अर्थ (Difficult Meaning: English to Hindi)
- Rove: घूमना / भ्रमण करना (To wander)
- Dell: छोटी घाटी (A small valley)
- Cove: सुरक्षित स्थान या छोटी गुफा (A sheltered nook or small bay)
- Tremulous: कांपता हुआ (Shaking or quivering)
- Emerald meads: पन्ने जैसे हरे मैदान (Bright green meadows)
- Erewhile: कुछ समय पहले (Formerly / Some time ago)
- Bittern: एक प्रकार का बगुला (A type of marsh bird)
- Gaiety: प्रसन्नता (Happiness)
- Malignant: हानिकारक / दुष्ट (Evil / Harmful)
- Wan noon: धुंधली या फीकी दोपहर (Pale or dim noon)
- Ghyll: पहाड़ी नाला या संकरी घाटी (A narrow mountain stream or ravine)
- Cascade: छोटा झरना (A small waterfall)
- Antique: प्राचीन (Old / Ancient)
- Swain: चरवाहा या ग्रामीण युवक (A country youth or shepherd)
- Wain: छकड़ा या गाड़ी (A wagon or cart)
- Lichen: काई (A crusty plant growing on rocks)
- Hue: रंग या आभा (Color or shade)
- Skiff: छोटी नाव (A small boat)
- Radiance: चमक (Brightness)
- Repose: विश्राम / शांति (Rest / Tranquility)
- Charcoal barge: कोयला ले जाने वाली बड़ी नाव (A boat carrying charcoal)
- Sledge: बर्फ पर चलने वाली बिना पहियों की गाड़ी (A vehicle on runners)
- Clarion: स्पष्ट और तेज (Loud and clear)
- Sombrous: अंधकारमय / उदास (Dark or gloomy)
- Apparition: साया या प्रेत (A ghost-like figure)
- Pinion: पक्षी के पंख (Wings)
- Furtive: गुप्त / चोरी-छिपे (Secretive)
- Nibbling: कुतरना (Eating with small bites)
- Vagrant: आवारा या बेघर (A person without a home)
- Sleety: ओलों के साथ बारिश (Mixture of rain and snow)
- Zenith: आकाश का उच्चतम बिंदु (The highest point)
- Beguile: बहलाना या सुखद रूप से समय बिताना (To pass time pleasantly)
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